$show=home

Unix / Linux - Signals and Traps

Unix / Linux - Signals and Traps @ Shout4Education
Signals are software interrupts sent to a program to indicate that an important event has occurred. The events can vary from user requests to illegal memory access errors. Some signals, such as the interrupt signal, indicate that a user has asked the program to do something that is not in the usual flow of control.
The following table lists out common signals you might encounter and want to use in your programs −
Signal NameSignal NumberDescription
SIGHUP1Hang up detected on controlling terminal or death of controlling process
SIGINT2Issued if the user sends an interrupt signal (Ctrl + C)
SIGQUIT3Issued if the user sends a quit signal (Ctrl + D)
SIGFPE8Issued if an illegal mathematical operation is attempted
SIGKILL9If a process gets this signal it must quit immediately and will not perform any clean-up operations
SIGALRM14Alarm clock signal (used for timers)
SIGTERM15Software termination signal (sent by kill by default)

List of Signals

There is an easy way to list down all the signals supported by your system. Just issue the kill -l command and it would display all the supported signals −
$ kill -l
 1) SIGHUP       2) SIGINT       3) SIGQUIT      4) SIGILL
 5) SIGTRAP      6) SIGABRT      7) SIGBUS       8) SIGFPE
 9) SIGKILL     10) SIGUSR1     11) SIGSEGV     12) SIGUSR2
13) SIGPIPE     14) SIGALRM     15) SIGTERM     16) SIGSTKFLT
17) SIGCHLD     18) SIGCONT     19) SIGSTOP     20) SIGTSTP
21) SIGTTIN     22) SIGTTOU     23) SIGURG      24) SIGXCPU
25) SIGXFSZ     26) SIGVTALRM   27) SIGPROF     28) SIGWINCH
29) SIGIO       30) SIGPWR      31) SIGSYS      34) SIGRTMIN
35) SIGRTMIN+1  36) SIGRTMIN+2  37) SIGRTMIN+3  38) SIGRTMIN+4
39) SIGRTMIN+5  40) SIGRTMIN+6  41) SIGRTMIN+7  42) SIGRTMIN+8
43) SIGRTMIN+9  44) SIGRTMIN+10 45) SIGRTMIN+11 46) SIGRTMIN+12
47) SIGRTMIN+13 48) SIGRTMIN+14 49) SIGRTMIN+15 50) SIGRTMAX-14
51) SIGRTMAX-13 52) SIGRTMAX-12 53) SIGRTMAX-11 54) SIGRTMAX-10
55) SIGRTMAX-9  56) SIGRTMAX-8  57) SIGRTMAX-7  58) SIGRTMAX-6
59) SIGRTMAX-5  60) SIGRTMAX-4  61) SIGRTMAX-3  62) SIGRTMAX-2
63) SIGRTMAX-1  64) SIGRTMAX
The actual list of signals varies between Solaris, HP-UX, and Linux.

Default Actions

Every signal has a default action associated with it. The default action for a signal is the action that a script or program performs when it receives a signal.
Some of the possible default actions are −
  • Terminate the process.
  • Ignore the signal.
  • Dump core. This creates a file called core containing the memory image of the process when it received the signal.
  • Stop the process.
  • Continue a stopped process.

Sending Signals

There are several methods of delivering signals to a program or script. One of the most common is for a user to type CONTROL-C or the INTERRUPT key while a script is executing.
When you press the Ctrl+C key, a SIGINT is sent to the script and as per defined default action script terminates.
The other common method for delivering signals is to use the kill command, the syntax of which is as follows −
$ kill -signal pid
Here signal is either the number or name of the signal to deliver and pid is the process ID that the signal should be sent to. For Example −
$ kill -1 1001
The above command sends the HUP or hang-up signal to the program that is running with process ID 1001. To send a kill signal to the same process, use the following command −
$ kill -9 1001
This kills the process running with process ID 1001.

Trapping Signals

When you press the Ctrl+C or Break key at your terminal during execution of a shell program, normally that program is immediately terminated, and your command prompt returns. This may not always be desirable. For instance, you may end up leaving a bunch of temporary files that won't get cleaned up.
Trapping these signals is quite easy, and the trap command has the following syntax −
$ trap commands signals
Here command can be any valid Unix command, or even a user-defined function, and signal can be a list of any number of signals you want to trap.
There are two common uses for trap in shell scripts −
  • Clean up temporary files
  • Ignore signals

Cleaning Up Temporary Files

As an example of the trap command, the following shows how you can remove some files and then exit if someone tries to abort the program from the terminal −
$ trap "rm -f $WORKDIR/work1$$ $WORKDIR/dataout$$; exit" 2
From the point in the shell program that this trap is executed, the two files work1$$ and dataout$$ will be automatically removed if signal number 2 is received by the program.
Hence, if the user interrupts the execution of the program after this trap is executed, you can be assured that these two files will be cleaned up. The exit command that follows the rm is necessary because without it, the execution would continue in the program at the point that it left off when the signal was received.
Signal number 1 is generated for hangup. Either someone intentionally hangs up the line or the line gets accidentally disconnected.
You can modify the preceding trap to also remove the two specified files in this case by adding signal number 1 to the list of signals −
$ trap "rm $WORKDIR/work1$$ $WORKDIR/dataout$$; exit" 1 2
Now these files will be removed if the line gets hung up or if the Ctrl+C key gets pressed.
The commands specified to trap must be enclosed in quotes, if they contain more than one command. Also note that the shell scans the command line at the time that the trap command gets executed and also when one of the listed signals is received.
Thus, in the preceding example, the value of WORKDIR and $$ will be substituted at the time that the trap command is executed. If you wanted this substitution to occur at the time that either signal 1 or 2 was received, you can put the commands inside single quotes −
$ trap 'rm $WORKDIR/work1$$ $WORKDIR/dataout$$; exit' 1 2

Ignoring Signals

If the command listed for trap is null, the specified signal will be ignored when received. For example, the command −
$ trap '' 2
This specifies that the interrupt signal is to be ignored. You might want to ignore certain signals when performing an operation that you don't want to be interrupted. You can specify multiple signals to be ignored as follows −
$ trap '' 1 2 3 15
Note that the first argument must be specified for a signal to be ignored and is not equivalent to writing the following, which has a separate meaning of its own −
$ trap  2
If you ignore a signal, all subshells also ignore that signal. However, if you specify an action to be taken on the receipt of a signal, all subshells will still take the default action on receipt of that signal.

Resetting Traps

After you've changed the default action to be taken on receipt of a signal, you can change it back again with the trap if you simply omit the first argument; so −
$ trap 1 2
This resets the action to be taken on the receipt of signals 1 or 2 back to the default.

Comments

Blogger
Name

.NET_Interview,1,Accenture,1,Accenture News,1,Accenture_GFT,1,Accenture_Prep,1,Advance_Excel,22,Advance_Python,10,Advanced_Linux,6,Advanced_SQL,18,Advanced_Unix,6,AI,2,AI-900,1,Alexa,1,Alias,1,Amazon,1,Amazon Lightsail,1,Amazon News,7,AMCAT,1,AMCAT_Prep,1,AMCAT_Solved_Papers,1,Ancient India,5,Android,1,Android Security,1,Ansible,2,Apache,1,Apache_Sqoop,10,Aptitude,1,artofthepot,1,artofthepot RO,1,Asterisk,1,AWS,40,AWS CLI,7,AWS DeepRacer,1,AWS Developer,2,AWS Developer Associate,2,AWS EC2,2,AWS Lambda,1,AWS Lifecycle Management,1,AWS S3,4,AWS Services,5,AWS Snapshots,1,AWS Solution Architect Associate,1,AWS SysOps Admin,1,AWS Tutorials,14,AWS_Dumps,1,AWS_Interview,1,AZ-104,1,AZ-900,4,Azure,7,Azure Administrator Associate,1,Azure AI Fundamentals,1,B Tech,4,B_Tech,19,B.Tech,5,B.Tech Jobs,1,Backup,3,Banking Exam,1,Banking_Exam,1,Basic_Linux,29,Basic_Python,19,Basic_SQL,24,Basic_Unix,30,BAT,1,Best_Websites,1,bgcsavannah,1,bgcsavannah DE,1,Big_Data_Analytics,70,Blog,731,Blogger,3,Blogging,2,Blogspot,1,Books,2,Boto3,1,BTech,20,C++_Interview,1,CBSE,158,Certification,14,ChatGPT,1,Cheat Sheet,18,Civil_1st_Semester,1,Class 11,54,Class 11 Biology,7,Class 11 Chemistry,12,Class 11 Economics,2,Class 11 English,11,Class 11 Mathematics,14,Class 11 Physics,8,Class 12,74,Class 12 Accountancy,1,Class 12 Biology,16,Class 12 Chemistry,16,Class 12 Economics,5,Class 12 English,14,Class 12 Mathematics,7,Class 12 Physics,15,Class_12,28,Class_12_Chemistry,4,Class_12_Computer_Science,7,Class_12_Mathematics,1,Class_12_NCERT,15,Class_12_NCERT_Solutions,15,Class_12_Physics,18,Class_12_Physics_NCERT_Solutions,15,Class_12_Science,29,Cloud,2,Cloud Storage,2,Cloud_Service,1,CloudFormation,4,Coding,1,Cognizant News,1,Communication,2,Computer,18,Computer_Memory,2,Computer_Programming,2,Computer_Science,4,Control Panel,1,Control_System,9,Converter,1,Crack_Interview,3,CSE_5th_Semester,1,CSS,1,Darmowe Spiny Bez Depozytu W Kasynie Vulkan Vegas 235,1,Data Analyst Jobs,1,Data Science,2,Data Science Interview,1,Data_Analytics,16,Data_Science,18,Data_Science_Interview,1,Database,47,Database Interview,2,Database_Interview,4,Databases,9,Delta Lake,1,Desktop Environment,1,Deutsche Online Casinos Jetzt Sicher um Echtgeld Spielen 509,1,Development Tools,3,DP-203,1,DP-900,1,Dumps,2,ECE,4,ECE 2nd Semester,4,ECE_1st_Semester,1,ECE_1st_Year,1,ECE_4th_Semester,9,Electrical,2,Electrical Engineering,2,Electrical_1st_Semester,1,Electronic Devices,4,Electronics,2,Electronics & Communication,7,Electronics_&_Communication,14,English,2,Error,1,ESE,4,ESE EC,1,Ethical Hacking,2,Ethical_Hacking,1,ETL_Tools,17,Exam Dumps,6,Exam Preparation,22,Exam_Cracker,3,Exams,5,Exams_Banking,1,Exams_Prep,1,Excel,22,Excel_Macros,22,Excel_Terms,1,Excel_VBA,22,EXE,1,File Permission,1,File System,1,Free_OS,1,Free_Softwares,1,FTP,1,Games,3,GATE,24,GATE EC,3,GATE EE,2,GATE Electronics & Communication,1,GATE Machine,1,GATE Mathematics,1,GATE Measurements,1,GATE_2019,16,GATE_2020,16,GATE_2021,7,GATE_EC,10,GATE_ECE,9,GATE_ECE_Best_Book,1,GATE_Electrical,1,GATE_Electronics,12,GATE_Made_Easy,1,GATE_ME,6,GATE_Mechanical,6,GGSIPU,1,Git,3,Google,2,Google Cloud,2,Google Jobs,1,Google News,3,Google Play,1,Google Search,1,Government Jobs,2,Graphic,1,GRUB,1,Handwritten Notes,6,Handwritten_Notes,10,Hardware,6,HCL_Prep,1,HDFS,1,Hive,1,Hive Tutorials,1,Hosting,2,How To,72,How_To,8,HR Interview,2,HR Interview Questions,1,HR_Interview,3,Hyderabad_News,1,IBPS,2,IBPS_English,1,IBPS_PO,2,Indian History,5,Informatica,1,Informatica_Interview,1,Information,20,Internet,5,Interview,20,Interview Preparation,5,Interview_Prep,20,IPU,1,ISRO Jobs,1,IT Jobs,4,IT News,1,Java,3,Java Interview,1,Java_Interview,2,Java_Questions_&_answers,1,JavaScript,1,JEE,6,JEE_Mains,6,Job Alert,6,Jobs,1,Jocuri Pacanele Gratis Jocuri ca la Aparate 77777 942,1,Jupyter Notebook,1,Kali Linux,1,Kali Linux Tools,1,Katoolin,1,Keyboard,1,Keyboard_Shortcuts,1,Layoffs,3,Learn_VBA,22,Linux,82,Linux Command,20,Linux Interview,1,Linux Mint,1,Linux Tools,11,Linux Tutorials,1,Linux_Distributions,1,Linux_Interview,1,Linux_Redirections,1,Linux_Scripting,30,Linux_Shell_Arrays,1,Linux_Shell_Functions,1,Linux_Shell_Quote,1,Linux_Signals_And_Traps,1,Logical_Reasoning,1,M.Tech Jobs,1,Machine Learning,1,Machine Learning Interview,1,Machine_Learning,1,Machine_Learning_Interview,1,Macros,22,Malware,1,Manufacturing_Processes,1,MariaDB,2,Matplotlib,1,ME_1st_Semester,1,ME_Fluid_Mechanics,1,ME_Industrial_Engineering,1,ME_Machine_Design,1,Mechanical,6,Memory,1,Microcontroller,1,Microsoft,6,Microsoft Azure Associate,1,Microsoft Azure Data Engineering,1,Microsoft Azure Fundamentals,5,Microsoft Edge,1,Microsoft Jobs,1,Microsoft News,1,Microsoft_Azure,1,Microsoft_Azure_Interview,1,Mobile,1,Mobile News,1,MongoDB,1,mostbet,2,mostbet AZ,1,mostbet UZ,1,MS_Access,40,MySQL,58,NCERT Solutions,128,Network,2,News,3,Nginx,2,Notes,31,NumPy,1,OOPs,1,Open_Source_OS,1,OpenTelemetry,1,Operating_Systems,2,Operating_Systems_Interview,1,Oracle,42,Oracle Interview,1,Oracle_Interview,1,OS,1,Pandas,16,Paytm Jobs,1,PEM,2,PHP,2,Physics,2,PIP,1,PL_SQL,42,PL_SQL_Interview,1,Placement,21,Placement Preparation,19,Placement_Prep,24,Poetry,1,PowerShell,1,PPK,2,Programming,29,Programming_Languages,1,PuTTY,3,PySpark,60,PySpark Tutorial,55,Python,67,Python Tutorials,25,Python_Built_In_Strings_Methods,2,Python_built_In_Tuple_Functions,1,Python_CAlling_a_Function,1,Python_CGI,1,Python_Class,1,Python_Data_Types,1,Python_DAte,1,Python_Decision_Making,1,Python_Dictionary,1,Python_DOM_APIs,1,Python_Features,1,Python_Files_Functions,1,Python_For_Loop,1,Python_Functions,6,Python_GUI,1,Python_History,1,Python_If_Else,1,Python_import_Statements,1,Python_Installation,1,Python_Interview,1,Python_JPython,1,Python_Lists,2,Python_Loops,1,Python_Methods,1,Python_Modules,1,Python_MySQL,1,Python_Nested_If_Else,1,Python_Nested_Loops,1,Python_Number_Type_Conversion,1,Python_Numbers,2,Python_Object_Oriented,1,Python_OOP,1,Python_Pass_By_Reference_vs_Value,1,Python_Programming,28,Python_Scripting,28,Python_Special_Operators,1,Python_Strings,2,Python_Strings_Functions,1,Python_Threading_Module,1,Python_Time,1,Python_Tkinter,1,Python_Tuples,2,Python_Tutorial,28,Python_Types_of_Loops,1,Python_Variables,1,Python_Web_Server,1,Python_While_Loop,1,Python_wxPython,1,Python_XML_Processing,1,PythonPath_Setup,1,Quantitative,1,Quantitative_Aptitude,2,RDBMS,1,Recorder,1,Regular Expressions,1,Restore,1,Run,1,S3,1,Sabrent,1,Samsung,1,SAP Jobs,1,SAP News,1,SBI Jobs,1,Scripting,52,Scripting Interview,1,Security,1,Server,2,service now,1,Shell_Command_Manual,1,Shell_Logging_Commands,1,Shell_Scripting,31,Shell_Scripting_Interview,1,Software Engineering Interview,1,Software_Engineering_Interview,1,Solutions,1,Spark,1,Spinnaker,1,SQL,53,SQL Interview,4,SQL Server,3,SQL Tutorials,1,SQL_Alias_Syntax,1,SQL_Alter_Table_Query,1,SQL_Alter_Table_Statement,1,SQL_AND_OR_Query,1,SQL_AND_OR_Statement,1,SQL_Architecture,1,SQL_Clone_Table,1,SQL_Commands,1,SQL_Conjunctive_Operators,1,SQL_Constraints,1,SQL_Create_Database,1,SQL_Create_Table,1,SQL_DataTypes,1,SQL_Date_Functions,1,SQL_Date_Statement,1,SQL_DCL,1,SQL_Server,39,SQL_Temporary_Table_Statement,1,SQLite,43,Sqoop,9,Sqoop_Tutorial,10,SSC,4,SSC CGL,1,SSC CHSL,1,SSC_CGL,3,SSC_CGL_English,1,SSC_CHSL,1,SSC_CPO,1,SSC_GS,1,SSC_Quantative,1,SSD,1,ssl,1,Storage,1,Talend,17,Talend Interview,1,Talend_ETL,15,Talend_Tutorials,16,Task Scheduler,1,TCS Interview,1,TCS Jobs,1,TCS News,1,TCS_Interview,1,TCS_Prep,1,Tech News,22,Tech Tips,72,Teradata_Interview,1,Terraform,4,Təyyarə Oyunu Mostbet Mostbet Aviator game 651,1,Tips & Tricks,12,Tips_&_Tricks,18,Top 10,4,Top 20,1,Top 50,11,Top_10,1,Top_50,18,Top25,1,Tutorials,243,Tutorials_Python,28,Tutorials_VBA,11,Ubuntu,13,Uncategorized,2,Unix,32,Unix Interview,1,Unix Tutorials,1,Unix_Interview,1,Unix_Scripting,31,UPSC,5,VBA,22,VBA_Basics,22,VBA_Excel,22,VBA_Scripting,22,VBA_Tutorials,22,Vim,1,VirtualBox,1,Visual Studio Code,3,Visual_Basic_Application,22,VPN,1,vulkan vegas,1,vulkan vegas DE,1,Web Development,7,Web Server,1,Websites,7,Windows,33,Windows Command,2,WinSCP,1,WordPress,3,Yarn,1,Авиатор Mostbet 155,1,бонусы,1,Казино МостБет УЗ регистрация,1,
ltr
item
Shout4Education - Get Jobs, Tutorials and Notes: Unix / Linux - Signals and Traps
Unix / Linux - Signals and Traps
Unix / Linux - Signals and Traps @ Shout4Education .... Signals are software interrupts sent to a program to indicate that an important event has occurred. The events can vary from user requests to illegal memory access errors. Some signals, such as the interrupt signal, indicate that a user has asked the program to do something that is not in the usual flow of control....
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkN7YaicDcwJams-9BM9HXk45sHGDDiDV6f254Yn8O-0uvE3S0r1sVEDvC6UxQ8TiOrHjjwC-DXRi6wQn7BDdcT-96TxtDiSt0QIcgj4h-xMF5PzTssn-IbYhNL3ge-7MHc1FZuj4wau4/s640/unix-shell.jpg
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkN7YaicDcwJams-9BM9HXk45sHGDDiDV6f254Yn8O-0uvE3S0r1sVEDvC6UxQ8TiOrHjjwC-DXRi6wQn7BDdcT-96TxtDiSt0QIcgj4h-xMF5PzTssn-IbYhNL3ge-7MHc1FZuj4wau4/s72-c/unix-shell.jpg
Shout4Education - Get Jobs, Tutorials and Notes
https://shout4education.blogspot.com/2020/02/unix-linux-signals-and-traps.html
https://shout4education.blogspot.com/
https://shout4education.blogspot.com/
https://shout4education.blogspot.com/2020/02/unix-linux-signals-and-traps.html
true
7947974353386595563
UTF-8
Loaded All Posts Not Found Any Posts :( View All Read More Reply Cancel Reply Delete By Home Pages Posts View All Similar Posts Label Archive Search All Posts Not Found Any Post Match with Your Request Sorry !! Search Something Blazing :) Back Home Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat January February March April May June July August September October November December Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Just Now 1 Minute Ago $$1$$ minutes ago 1 Hour Ago $$1$$ hours ago Yesterday $$1$$ days ago $$1$$ weeks ago More than 5 Weeks Ago Followers Follow :) This Premium Content is LOCKED !!! STEP 1: Share. STEP 2: Click the Link You Shared to Unlock Copy All Code Select All Code All Codes were Copied to Your Clipboard :) Can NOT Copy the Codes / Texts, Please Press [CTRL]+[C] (or CMD+C with Mac) to Copy